A universal multi-additive strategy to enhance efficiency and stability in inverted perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar technology has become a trend topic in the last decade, reaching promising efficiencies up to 25.7 %. Researchers mainly focused on obtaining high performance rather than caring for stability under accelerated stress conditions, such as thermal and light soaking tests. For this reason, we studied standard triple cation perovskite (∼1.58 eV) wider bandgap (∼1.63 with scope of finding common strategy build robust device stable over time independently used. We use combination additives inside ink: ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM-BF4), alkylamine ligands oleylamine (OAm) benzylhydrazine hydrochloride (BHC). Our work reveals that these helps improve efficiency entire device, power conversion 21.3 % 20 both types beyond 1000 h continuous soaking. The universal applicability method was further applied methylammonium free perovskite, leading an impressive 85 °C, showing T90 > 1500 T80 8658 h, respectively: cells modified additive mixture retained 95 their after at 45 °C 100 °C.